Commentary on Luke Part 3

Luke Chapters 9-12 (RSV)

Chapter 9

¹And he called the twelve together and gave them power and authority over all demons and to cure diseases, ²and he sent them out to preach the kingdom of God and to heal. ³And he said to them, “Take nothing for your journey, no staff, nor bag, nor bread, nor money; and do not have two tunics. ⁴And whatever house you enter, stay there, and from there depart. ⁵And wherever they do not receive you, when you leave that town shake off the dust from your feet as a testimony against them.” ⁶And they departed and went through the villages, preaching the gospel and healing everywhere. ⁷Now Herod the tetrarch heard of all that was done, and he was perplexed, because it was said by some that John had been raised from the dead, ⁸by some that Eli’jah had appeared, and by others that one of the old prophets had risen. ⁹Herod said, “John I beheaded; but who is this about whom I hear such things?” And he sought to see him. ¹⁰On their return the apostles told him what they had done. And he took them and withdrew apart to a city called Beth-sa’ida. ¹¹When the crowds learned it, they followed him; and he welcomed them and spoke to them of the kingdom of God, and cured those who had need of healing. ¹²Now the day began to wear away; and the twelve came and said to him, “Send the crowd away, to go into the villages and country round about, to lodge and get provisions; for we are here in a lonely place.” ¹³But he said to them, “You give them something to eat.” They said, “We have no more than five loaves and two fish–unless we are to go and buy food for all these people.” ¹⁴For there were about five thousand men. And he said to his disciples, “Make them sit down in companies, about fifty each.” ¹⁵And they did so, and made them all sit down. ¹⁶And taking the five loaves and the two fish he looked up to heaven, and blessed and broke them, and gave them to the disciples to set before the crowd. ¹⁷And all ate and were satisfied. And they took up what was left over, twelve baskets of broken pieces. ¹⁸Now it happened that as he was praying alone the disciples were with him; and he asked them, “Who do the people say that I am?” ¹⁹And they answered, “John the Baptist; but others say, Eli’jah; and others, that one of the old prophets has risen.” ²⁰And he said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” And Peter answered, “The Christ of God.” ²¹But he charged and commanded them to tell this to no one, ²²saying, “The Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and on the third day be raised.” ²³And he said to all, “If any man would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me. ²⁴For whoever would save his life will lose it; and whoever loses his life for my sake, he will save it. ²⁵For what does it profit a man if he gains the whole world and loses or forfeits himself? ²⁶For whoever is ashamed of me and of my words, of him will the Son of man be ashamed when he comes in his glory and the glory of the Father and of the holy angels. ²⁷But I tell you truly, there are some standing here who will not taste death before they see the kingdom of God.” ²⁸Now about eight days after these sayings he took with him Peter and John and James, and went up on the mountain to pray. ²⁹And as he was praying, the appearance of his countenance was altered, and his raiment became dazzling white. ³⁰And behold, two men talked with him, Moses and Eli’jah, ³¹who appeared in glory and spoke of his departure, which he was to accomplish at Jerusalem. ³²Now Peter and those who were with him were heavy with sleep, and when they wakened they saw his glory and the two men who stood with him. ³³And as the men were parting from him, Peter said to Jesus, “Master, it is well that we are here; let us make three booths, one for you and one for Moses and one for Eli’jah” –not knowing what he said. ³⁴As he said this, a cloud came and overshadowed them; and they were afraid as they entered the cloud. ³⁵And a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is my Son, my Chosen; listen to him!” ³⁶And when the voice had spoken, Jesus was found alone. And they kept silence and told no one in those days anything of what they had seen. ³⁷On the next day, when they had come down from the mountain, a great crowd met him. ³⁸And behold, a man from the crowd cried, “Teacher, I beg you to look upon my son, for he is my only child; ³⁹and behold, a spirit seizes him, and he suddenly cries out; it convulses him till he foams, and shatters him, and will hardly leave him. ⁴⁰And I begged your disciples to cast it out, but they could not.” ⁴¹Jesus answered, “O faithless and perverse generation, how long am I to be with you and bear with you? Bring your son here.” ⁴²While he was coming, the demon tore him and convulsed him. But Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, and healed the boy, and gave him back to his father. ⁴³And all were astonished at the majesty of God. But while they were all marveling at everything he did, he said to his disciples, ⁴⁴“Let these words sink into your ears; for the Son of man is to be delivered into the hands of men.” ⁴⁵But they did not understand this saying, and it was concealed from them, that they should not perceive it; and they were afraid to ask him about this saying. ⁴⁶And an argument arose among them as to which of them was the greatest. ⁴⁷But when Jesus perceived the thought of their hearts, he took a child and put him by his side, ⁴⁸and said to them, “Whoever receives this child in my name receives me, and whoever receives me receives him who sent me; for he who is least among you all is the one who is great.” ⁴⁹John answered, “Master, we saw a man casting out demons in your name, and we forbade him, because he does not follow with us.” ⁵⁰But Jesus said to him, “Do not forbid him; for he that is not against you is for you.” ⁵¹When the days drew near for him to be received up, he set his face to go to Jerusalem. ⁵²And he sent messengers ahead of him, who went and entered a village of the Samaritans, to make ready for him; ⁵³but the people would not receive him, because his face was set toward Jerusalem. ⁵⁴And when his disciples James and John saw it, they said, “Lord, do you want us to bid fire come down from heaven and consume them?” ⁵⁵But he turned and rebuked them. ⁵⁶And they went on to another village. ⁵⁷As they were going along the road, a man said to him, “I will follow you wherever you go.” ⁵⁸And Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man has nowhere to lay his head.” ⁵⁹To another he said, “Follow me.” But he said, “Lord, let me first go and bury my father.” ⁶⁰But he said to him, “Leave the dead to bury their own dead; but as for you, go and proclaim the kingdom of God.” ⁶¹Another said, “I will follow you, Lord; but let me first say farewell to those at my home.” ⁶²Jesus said to him, “No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God.”

Intent of Chapter 9

Commissioning and instruction of the Twelve

(Mat. 9:35; 10:1,9-11, 14; Mk. 6:7-13; Lk. 10:4-11) (see notes in Mat. (F040iii) And Mark (F041ii) so also Lk. 10:1,17 for the 72 below) (see also Establishment of the Church under the Seventy (No. 122D)).

1. 1-6Jesus sends out the 12 Disciples(Mat. 10:1-15 (F040iii); Mk. 6:7-13 (F041ii)
2. 3Tunic(see Mat. 10:10 n).

Herod asks about Jesus

19. 7-9Herod killed John the Baptist(Mat. 14:1-12 (F040iii); Mk. 6:14-16 (F041ii)). See notes on Mat. 16:14; Lk. 9:18 -19.

1. 10-17Jesus feeds Five Thousand(Mat. 14:13-21; (F040iii); Mk. 6:30-44 (F041ii); Jn. 6:1-14 (F043ii)). The feeding of the Four Thousand and the Five Thousand have significance for the structure of the elect in the Churches of God and the world in the Resurrections and the Millennium as explained in the notes to the other texts also (see links).
2. 132Kgs. 4:42-44, v. 16 22:19; 24:30-31; Acts 2:42; 20:11; 27:35.

9:18-20 Peter says Jesus is the Messiah (see notes Mat. 16:13-23 (F040iv); Mk. 8:27-33 (F041ii)).

2. 199:7, Mk. 9:11-13; see Mat. 14:2.
3. 21-27Jesus predicts his death the first time(Mat. 16:21-28; Mk. 8:31-9:1). v. 22 9:43-45; 18:31-34; 17:25; see Mk. 9:31 n. Jesus accepted rejection because he insisted that he was freely followed under the Call of God (Predestination (No. 296)).
4. 23On Discipleship(Mat. 16:24-28 (F040iv); Mk. 8:34 -9:1 (F041ii) see links). The language suggests Jesus often spoke in this manner (see Mat. 10:38 n). There is no word cross here in the Greek Texts. The word is stauros which is a sharpened stake invented by the Phoenicians for capital punishment (see The Cross: Its Origin and Significance (No. 039)). The cross came into Christianity, from the sun cross of the cult of the god Attis, in the Second Century, along with Easter worship (see Origins of Christmas and Easter (No. 235) and the Quartodeciman Disputes (No. 277); see also the Timing of the Crucifixion and the Resurrection (No. 159)).

The image of Attis spread out on the equilateral sun cross was paraded around Rome at Easter by the priests of Attis.

28. 26Mat. 10:33; Lk. 12:9; 1Jn. 2:28.
29. 27taste death– Die in preparation to be resurrected (No. 143A) and (No. 143B). (See also Jn. 8:52; Heb. 2:9).

1. 28-36Jesus is transfigured on the mountain(Mat. 17:1-13; (F040iv); Mk. 9:28-36 (F041iii)).

This event began as prayer (v. 29) see 3:21 n. and developed into an intense religious vision (Mat. 17:9). Auras of unnatural brilliance are associated with mystical experiences (Ex, 34:29-35; Acts 9:3). v. 31 departure – death; v. 32 Apparently the experience took place at night. v. 35 Chosen has the same meaning as beloved in the parallel passages (Mk. 1:11 n. (F040); Lk. 3:22 (F042); Jn. 12:28-30 (F043iii).

The Transfiguration (No. 096E) points to the Government of God and the Restoration of all things for the millennial system under Messiah.

22. 37-43Jesus heals an Epileptic demon-possessed boy(Mat. 17:14-21 (F040iv); Mk. 9:14-29 (F041iii); v. 43 Acts 2:22.

33. 44-45Jesus predicts his death the second time(Mat. 17:22-23 (F040iv); Mk. 9:30-32 (F041iii)) (see links). Comp. 9:22; 18:31-33.
34. 449:22; 18:31-34; 17:25;v. 45 The comment was based on the fact that the death of the Messiah was not part of the disciples’ erroneous view of prophecy. The spiritual truths must be revealed (see 24:16 n; Mat. 16:17n; 1Cor. 2:14).
35. 46-48The disciples argue about who would be greatest (Mat. 18:1-5 (F040iv); Mk. 9:33-37 (F041ii).v. 47 18:17, v. 48 see 10:6n; Mk. 9:35n.

1. 49-50The disciples forbid another to use Jesus’ name(Mk. 9:38-42 (F041ii)).
2. 4911:19; v. 50 11:23 see Mk. 9:39-40 n.
3. 51-62Jesus teaches about the cost of following him(Mat. 8:18-22 (F041ii) (see link).

Chapter 10

¹After this the Lord appointed seventy others, and sent them on ahead of him, two by two, into every town and place where he himself was about to come. ²And he said to them, “The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few; pray therefore the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest. ³Go your way; behold, I send you out as lambs in the midst of wolves. ⁴Carry no purse, no bag, no sandals; and salute no one on the road. ⁵Whatever house you enter, first say, ‘Peace be to this house!’ ⁶And if a son of peace is there, your peace shall rest upon him; but if not, it shall return to you. ⁷And remain in the same house, eating and drinking what they provide, for the laborer deserves his wages; do not go from house to house. ⁸Whenever you enter a town and they receive you, eat what is set before you; ⁹heal the sick in it and say to them, ‘The kingdom of God has come near to you.’ ¹⁰But whenever you enter a town and they do not receive you, go into its streets and say, ¹¹‘Even the dust of your town that clings to our feet, we wipe off against you; nevertheless know this, that the kingdom of God has come near.’ ¹²I tell you, it shall be more tolerable on that day for Sodom than for that town. ¹³“Woe to you, Chora’zin! woe to you, Beth-sa’ida! for if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. ¹⁴But it shall be more tolerable in the judgment for Tyre and Sidon than for you. ¹⁵And you, Caper’na-um, will you be exalted to heaven? You shall be brought down to Hades. ¹⁶“He who hears you hears me, and he who rejects you rejects me, and he who rejects me rejects him who sent me.” ¹⁷The seventy returned with joy, saying, “Lord, even the demons are subject to us in your name!” ¹⁸And he said to them, “I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven. ¹⁹Behold, I have given you authority to tread upon serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy; and nothing shall hurt you. ²⁰Nevertheless do not rejoice in this, that the spirits are subject to you; but rejoice that your names are written in heaven.” ²¹In that same hour he rejoiced in the Holy Spirit and said, “I thank thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that thou hast hidden these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to babes; yea, Father, for such was thy gracious will. ²²All things have been delivered to me by my Father; and no one knows who the Son is except the Father, or who the Father is except the Son and any one to whom the Son chooses to reveal him.” ²³Then turning to the disciples he said privately, “Blessed are the eyes which see what you see! ²⁴For I tell you that many prophets and kings desired to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it.” ²⁵And behold, a lawyer stood up to put him to the test, saying, “Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?” ²⁶He said to him, “What is written in the law? How do you read?” ²⁷And he answered, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself.” ²⁸And he said to him, “You have answered right; do this, and you will live.” ²⁹But he, desiring to justify himself, said to Jesus, “And who is my neighbor?” ³⁰Jesus replied, “A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and he fell among robbers, who stripped him and beat him, and departed, leaving him half dead. ³¹Now by chance a priest was going down that road; and when he saw him he passed by on the other side. ³²So likewise a Levite, when he came to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side. ³³But a Samaritan, as he journeyed, came to where he was; and when he saw him, he had compassion, ³⁴and went to him and bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine; then he set him on his own beast and brought him to an inn, and took care of him. ³⁵And the next day he took out two denarii and gave them to the innkeeper, saying, ‘Take care of him; and whatever more you spend, I will repay you when I come back.’ ³⁶Which of these three, do you think, proved neighbor to the man who fell among the robbers?” ³⁷He said, “The one who showed mercy on him.” And Jesus said to him, “Go and do likewise.” ³⁸Now as they went on their way, he entered a village; and a woman named Martha received him into her house. ³⁹And she had a sister called Mary, who sat at the Lord’s feet and listened to his teaching. ⁴⁰But Martha was distracted with much serving; and she went to him and said, “Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me to serve alone? Tell her then to help me.” ⁴¹But the Lord answered her, “Martha, Martha, you are anxious and troubled about many things; ⁴²one thing is needful. Mary has chosen the good portion, which shall not be taken away from her.”

Intent of Chapter 10

Appointment of the Seventy

(Mat. 9:37-38, 10:7-16)

1. 1-16Jesus sends out Seventy-two messengers

The Hebdomekonta–Duo are appointed and despatched. These are what is translated as the Seventy. They are the replacement Sanhedrin placed in the Church of God as a symbol of the transfer of power and authority to the church. They are numbered as 72 (as were the nations at Deut. 32:8 under the elohim, and altered or forged in the MT; (see RSV; LXX; DSS) but always listed as Seventy). The Seventy were also appointed as the Council of Elders at Sinai and there were two, Eldad and Medad prophesying apart in the camp (Num. 11:26-27) making the Seventy Two. The Seventy here are also given power over the demons as we see from their report when they return. The Sons of Sceva show the power over the demons was transferred from the Priesthood to the Church of God (Acts 19:13-16 (F044v)).

20. 19:1-5, 51-52; Mk. 6:7-11;v. 2 Mat. 9:37-38, Jn. 4:35;  v. 4 Salute no one i.e. there is to be no delay on the mission; v. 5 1Sam. 25:6;  v. 6  son of peace – comp. Mat. 5:45 n., v. 7 1Cor. 9:4-14; 1Tim. 5:18; Deut. 24:15;  v. 9: 11:20.
21. 11Acts 13:51;v. 12 Mat. 11:24; Gen. 19:24-28; Jude 7. vv. 13-15 Mat. 11:21-23; Lk. 6:24-26. v. 15 re Isa. 14:13-15, 18.  v. 16 Mat. 10:40; 18:5; Mk. 9:37; Lk. 9:48; Jn. 13:20; 12:48; Gal. 4:14.
22. 17-24 Return of the Seventy
23. 17Unlike the Twelve (9:1), the Seventy (Hebdomekonta–duo) were not promised power over the demons. They found out on their journey that the demons were indeed subject to them (see 13:16 n).v. 18 I saw Satan fall … from heaven Comp. Jn. 12:31 (F043iii); Rev. 12:7-12 (F066iii). So also has it been so through the apostles and prophets of the Churches of God over the two Millennia. v. 19 Authority Mk. 6:7; Lk. 22:29;  The enemy – Satan (Mat. 13:39; v. 20 Jesus regarded Exorcism, of itself, as not a sign of God’s Kingdom (11:19). Written in heaven Dan 12:1 (F027xii); Ps. 69:28; Ex. 32:32; Phil. 4:3; Heb. 12:23; Rev. 3:5; 13:8; 21:27;

Fate of the Twelve Apostles (No. 122B); Establishment of the Church under the Seventy (No. 122D).

1. 21-22Prayer of Jesus(see 3:21 n; Mat. 11:25-27 n).
2. 211Cor. 1:26-29;In the Holy Spirit – in the power of the spirit. v. 22 Mat. 28:18; Jn 3:35; 13:3; 10:15; 17:25;
3. 23-24Mat. 13:16-17; Jn. 8:56; Heb. 11:13; 1Pet. 1:10-12 Jesus speaks of Spiritual perception guided by faith (Mk. 4:9; Lk. 8:10 and the fulfillment of God’s purpose (2:26-32).
4. 25-28A lawyer’s question

(Mat. 22:23-40; Mk. 12:28-31).

1. 25Mat. 19:16 n; Mk. 10:17; Lk. 18:18; Inherit see Mat. 19:29 n;v. 27 See Mk. 12:29 n; 31 n; Rom. 13:8-10; Gal. 5:14; Jas. 2:8 that is implicitly linked with Deut 6:4-5 and Lev. 19:18 (see The God We Worship (No. 002) and The Shema (No. 002B)). See also the First Great Commandment (No. 252) and the Second Great Commandment (No. 257)).
2. 28Mk. 12:34; Lev. 18:1-5.

The text here stresses (vv. 29-37), using the parable of The Good Samaritan, that acts of love are the final requirements of the law (see Love and the Structure of the Law (No. 200)).

1. 29-37The Parable of the Good Samaritan
2. 29The questioner, not satisfied, sought to define his right to eternal life by limiting his duty within the traditional views of excluding the gentiles as we see developed from the Pharisees on into the Talmud over the post temple period, and the Law turned into a horror under the post temple rabbis. This was self justification as self righteousness before God (18:9-14).v. 30 Robber.  The same Greek word is used of Barabbas (Jn. 18:40) and those executed with Jesus (Mk. 15:27 (F041iv); Mat. 27:38 (F040vi). vv. 31-33 The priest, a Levite, was the highest religious leadership among the Jews (v. 32). The Levites were designated lay associates of the priesthood. Samaritans were not Israelites but northern foreigners transplanted from Cutheans and Medes, and others, who were not on friendly terms with the Jews (see Jn. 4:9 n; Acts 8:5 n). He had compassion thus displaying the arrogance of the Levite. v. 34 Oil and wine was an ancient medication or balm. v. 35 Denarii see Mat 20:2n ( F040v).   (see also CB039).

1. 38-42Jesus visits Mary and Martha

In John 11:1 Mary and Martha are introduced as well known people living at Bethany;

1. 42Jesus rebukes Martha’s priorities. He had what he needed and they both should have sat and listened to his teaching.

Chapter 11

¹He was praying in a certain place, and when he ceased, one of his disciples said to him, “Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his disciples.” ²And he said to them, “When you pray, say: “Father, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. ³Give us each day our daily bread; ⁴and forgive us our sins, for we ourselves forgive every one who is indebted to us; and lead us not into temptation.” ⁵And he said to them, “Which of you who has a friend will go to him at midnight and say to him, ‘Friend, lend me three loaves; ⁶for a friend of mine has arrived on a journey, and I have nothing to set before him’; ⁷and he will answer from within, ‘Do not bother me; the door is now shut, and my children are with me in bed; I cannot get up and give you anything’? ⁸I tell you, though he will not get up and give him anything because he is his friend, yet because of his importunity he will rise and give him whatever he needs. ⁹And I tell you, Ask, and it will be given you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. ¹⁰For every one who asks receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it will be opened. ¹¹What father among you, if his son asks for a fish, will instead of a fish give him a serpent; ¹²or if he asks for an egg, will give him a scorpion? ¹³If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!” ¹⁴Now he was casting out a demon that was dumb; when the demon had gone out, the dumb man spoke, and the people marveled. ¹⁵But some of them said, “He casts out demons by Be-el’zebul, the prince of demons”; ¹⁶while others, to test him, sought from him a sign from heaven. ¹⁷But he, knowing their thoughts, said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste, and a divided household falls. ¹⁸And if Satan also is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand? For you say that I cast out demons by Be-el’zebul. ¹⁹And if I cast out demons by Be-el’zebul, by whom do your sons cast them out? Therefore they shall be your judges. ²⁰But if it is by the finger of God that I cast out demons, then the kingdom of God has come upon you. ²¹When a strong man, fully armed, guards his own palace, his goods are in peace; ²²but when one stronger than he assails him and overcomes him, he takes away his armor in which he trusted, and divides his spoil. ²³He who is not with me is against me, and he who does not gather with me scatters. ²⁴“When the unclean spirit has gone out of a man, he passes through waterless places seeking rest; and finding none he says, ‘I will return to my house from which I came.’ ²⁵And when he comes he finds it swept and put in order. ²⁶Then he goes and brings seven other spirits more evil than himself, and they enter and dwell there; and the last state of that man becomes worse than the first.” ²⁷As he said this, a woman in the crowd raised her voice and said to him, “Blessed is the womb that bore you, and the breasts that you sucked!” ²⁸But he said, “Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and keep it!” ²⁹When the crowds were increasing, he began to say, “This generation is an evil generation; it seeks a sign, but no sign shall be given to it except the sign of Jonah. ³⁰For as Jonah became a sign to the men of Nin’eveh, so will the Son of man be to this generation. ³¹The queen of the South will arise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, something greater than Solomon is here. ³²The men of Nin’eveh will arise at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and behold, something greater than Jonah is here. ³³“No one after lighting a lamp puts it in a cellar or under a bushel, but on a stand, that those who enter may see the light. ³⁴Your eye is the lamp of your body; when your eye is sound, your whole body is full of light; but when it is not sound, your body is full of darkness. ³⁵Therefore be careful lest the light in you be darkness. ³⁶If then your whole body is full of light, having no part dark, it will be wholly bright, as when a lamp with its rays gives you light.” ³⁷While he was speaking, a Pharisee asked him to dine with him; so he went in and sat at table. ³⁸The Pharisee was astonished to see that he did not first wash before dinner. ³⁹And the Lord said to him, “Now you Pharisees cleanse the outside of the cup and of the dish, but inside you are full of extortion and wickedness. ⁴⁰You fools! Did not he who made the outside make the inside also? ⁴¹But give for alms those things which are within; and behold, everything is clean for you. ⁴²“But woe to you Pharisees! for you tithe mint and rue and every herb, and neglect justice and the love of God; these you ought to have done, without neglecting the others. ⁴³Woe to you Pharisees! for you love the best seat in the synagogues and salutations in the market places. ⁴⁴Woe to you! for you are like graves which are not seen, and men walk over them without knowing it.” ⁴⁵One of the lawyers answered him, “Teacher, in saying this you reproach us also.” ⁴⁶And he said, “Woe to you lawyers also! for you load men with burdens hard to bear, and you yourselves do not touch the burdens with one of your fingers. ⁴⁷Woe to you! for you build the tombs of the prophets whom your fathers killed. ⁴⁸So you are witnesses and consent to the deeds of your fathers; for they killed them, and you build their tombs. ⁴⁹Therefore also the Wisdom of God said, ‘I will send them prophets and apostles, some of whom they will kill and persecute,’ ⁵⁰that the blood of all the prophets, shed from the foundation of the world, may be required of this generation, ⁵¹from the blood of Abel to the blood of Zechari’ah, who perished between the altar and the sanctuary. Yes, I tell you, it shall be required of this generation. ⁵²Woe to you lawyers! for you have taken away the key of knowledge; you did not enter yourselves, and you hindered those who were entering.” ⁵³As he went away from there, the scribes and the Pharisees began to press him hard, and to provoke him to speak of many things, ⁵⁴lying in wait for him, to catch at something he might say.

Intent of Chapter 11

1. 1-13Jesus’ teaching on prayer

Christ was asked to teach on prayer and he did so by refuting prayer to all other than the Father.

The Lord’s Prayer is in fact a blueprint for phrasing prayer to avoid all repetition and to place prayer before God in the name of Christ and to no other being. The 24 elders have been designated by God to deal with and act on the prayers of the saints (see Rev. 5:8 (F066i).

See Teach us to Pray (No. 111)  We are not to pray to any others save God the Father (No. 111B) in the name of Christ, and be aware of the implications of idolatry.  Also Christ taught us the Power of Prayer (No. 111C).

35. 1-4See Mat. 6:9-13 (F040ii) n; Lk. 3:21 n (F042).v. 4 Mk. 11:25; Mat 18:35. vv. 5-8 Lk. 18:1-5;
36. 9-13Mat. 7:7-11.v. 9 Mat. 18:19; 21:22; Mk. 11:24; Jas. 1:5-8; 1Jn 5:14-15; Jn 14:13; 15:7; 17:23-24.
37. 10The phrases: “he who stands at the door and knocks” and “he who comes in the night” are all equivalent expressions ofThe Morning Star See also Al Tariq Q086

1. 14-28Sources of Jesus’ Power

(Mat. 12:22-30; Mk. 3:22-27);

1. 14Mat. 9:32-34; see 12:22-34 n.
2. 15Mk. 3:22 n.v. 16  Mat. 12:38; 16:1-4; Mk. 8:11-12; Jn. 2:18; 6:30; 1Cor. 1:22; v. 19 see  Mat. 12:27. v. 20 Ex. 8:19 finger represents God’s power. v. 23 Mat. 12:30  Jesus used similar language for a different point in Mk. 9:38-40; Lk. 9:49-50;  vv. 24-26 Mat. 12:43-45 n. v. 28 8:21.

19. 29-32The Sign of JonahChrist said that this evil generation looks for a sign but no sign shall be given it except the Sign of Jonah. For as Jonah was a sign to the men of Nineveh so shall the Son of Man be to this generation. From vv. 31-32 we see the reference to the Second Resurrection (No. 143B) where the Queen of Sheba and the men of Nineveh will arise and condemn this generation for they repented at the teaching of Jonah and something greater than Jonah was there and Judah did not repent. The Sign of Jonah was much more complex than three days and three nights in the belly of the earth as can be seen from the Commentary on Jonah (F032). In addition to the Sign of the three nights and three days in the tomb from the night beginning the Passover on Thursday at the end of EENT Wednesday 5 April to Christ’s resurrection at end Sabbath on 8 April 30 CE (see the Timing of the Crucifixion and the Resurrection (No. 159)); Christ then spent 40 days witnessing to the Church and the Demons (see Forty Days following Christ’s Resurrection (No. 159B)). The Sign of Jonah was also tied into the duration of a “Generation” where the forty days given to Nineveh was given to Judah on a year for a day basis in accordance with another prophecy related to the Seventy Weeks of Years in Daniel Chapter 9 (F027ix) which was complete in the phase ending in 70 CE with the Destruction of the Temple of God in Jerusalem and the closure of the Temple in Heliopolis before Abib 71 CE (see The Sign of Jonah and the History of the Reconstruction of the Temple (No. 013)). The Temple at Heliopolis was erected under Onias IV ca. 160 BCE in accordance with Isa. 19:19. Its main purpose was to cater for the Messiah under Herod’s persecution.

The Church understood this prophecy and when James, the brother of Christ, was martyred in 63/4 CE in accordance with the prophecy of the second anointed one being cut off, but not for himself (Dan. 9:25-26), at the end of the 69 weeks of years, they knew that Jerusalem was to be destroyed in 70 CE and they then fled to Pella and were saved. (Fortunately they did not have the forgery in the KJV to confuse them)  (see also War with Rome and the Fall of the Temple (No. 298)). The Sign of Jonah is tied to the sequence of all major prophecies and covers the entire sequence of the Church from the forty years to the complete Forty Jubilees of the end of the age, for the trial of the world, and the sequence of the prophets until the return of the Messiah. This is also explained in the text of the Completion of the Sign of Jonah (No. 013B). It is the Only Sign given to the Churches of God right over to the end of the Age. That is why it has been hidden by the cults, and the forgeries made, to conceal the prophecies by the priests of the Mystery and Sun cults. See also The Bible (No. 164) and the 164 series. The purpose of God was to elevate the Elect as Elohim (No. 001) and make mankind a spirit being with the Holy Spirit (No. 117) with man as the Temple of God (No. 282 D). That will commence with the Advent of the Messiah at the end of the Sign of Jonah and the First Resurrection (No. 143A). Those not wishing to repent and inherit Eternal Life (No. 133) will be able to choose to simply die at the The Second Death (No. 143C) and be cremated in the Lake of Fire.

1. 33-36Jesus teaches about the light within

Mat. 5:15; 6:22-23; v. 33 Mk. 4:21 n.

The eye indicates the purity of spirit of a person.

1. 37-54Jesus criticizes the religious leaders

(Mat 23:1-36 – in different order F040v).

1. 377:36; 14:1v. 38 ceremonially wash before dinner (literally baptise before dinner) comp. Mk. 7:1-5 (F041ii).
2. 39-41Mat. 23:25-26 Jesus turns back the Pharisees claim that the outer self is unwashed by insisting that the inner condition is at least equal in importance (v. 40) and that it exercises a cleansing or corrupting power over the outward (v. 41; Mk. 7:23 (F041ii)).
3. 41Tit. 1:15;v. 42 Mat. 23:23; Lev. 27:30; Mic. 6:8;  v. 43 See Mk. 12:38-39 n;  v. 44  Mat. 23:27;
4. 45Lawyer – a teacher of the Jewish law.
5. 46Mat. 23:4;vv. 47-48 Mat. 23:29-32; Acts 7:51-53;  vv. 49-51 Mat. 23:34-36;
6. 491Cor. 1:24; Col. 2:3The Wisdom of God a reference to the divine decrees as revealed by the Spirit (comp the personification in 7:35). In Mat. 23:34 the words are attributed to Jesus himself.
7. 51see Mat. 25:35 n. v. 52 Mat. 23:13  The key of knowledge The key to the proper understanding of God’s purpose. The lawyers have not entered the Kingdom of God and have rejected God’s rule and keep others from doing so that listen to them.

Chapter 12

¹In the meantime, when so many thousands of the multitude had gathered together that they trod upon one another, he began to say to his disciples first, “Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. ²Nothing is covered up that will not be revealed, or hidden that will not be known. ³Therefore whatever you have said in the dark shall be heard in the light, and what you have whispered in private rooms shall be proclaimed upon the housetops. ⁴“I tell you, my friends, do not fear those who kill the body, and after that have no more that they can do. ⁵But I will warn you whom to fear: fear him who, after he has killed, has power to cast into hell; yes, I tell you, fear him! ⁶Are not five sparrows sold for two pennies? And not one of them is forgotten before God. ⁷Why, even the hairs of your head are all numbered. Fear not; you are of more value than many sparrows. ⁸“And I tell you, every one who acknowledges me before men, the Son of man also will acknowledge before the angels of God;  ⁹but he who denies me before men will be denied before the angels of God. ¹⁰And every one who speaks a word against the Son of man will be forgiven; but he who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven. ¹¹And when they bring you before the synagogues and the rulers and the authorities, do not be anxious how or what you are to answer or what you are to say; ¹²for the Holy Spirit will teach you in that very hour what you ought to say.” ¹³One of the multitude said to him, “Teacher, bid my brother divide the inheritance with me.” ¹⁴But he said to him, “Man, who made me a judge or divider over you?” ¹⁵And he said to them, “Take heed, and beware of all covetousness; for a man’s life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.” ¹⁶And he told them a parable, saying, “The land of a rich man brought forth plentifully; ¹⁷and he thought to himself, ‘What shall I do, for I have nowhere to store my crops?’ ¹⁸And he said, ‘I will do this: I will pull down my barns, and build larger ones; and there I will store all my grain and my goods. ¹⁹And I will say to my soul, Soul, you have ample goods laid up for many years; take your ease, eat, drink, be merry.’ ²⁰But God said to him, ‘Fool! This night your soul is required of you; and the things you have prepared, whose will they be?’ ²¹So is he who lays up treasure for himself, and is not rich toward God.” ²²And he said to his disciples, “Therefore I tell you, do not be anxious about your life, what you shall eat, nor about your body, what you shall put on. ²³For life is more than food, and the body more than clothing. ²⁴Consider the ravens: they neither sow nor reap, they have neither storehouse nor barn, and yet God feeds them. Of how much more value are you than the birds! ²⁵And which of you by being anxious can add a cubit to his span of life? ²⁶If then you are not able to do as small a thing as that, why are you anxious about the rest? ²⁷Consider the lilies, how they grow; they neither toil nor spin; yet I tell you, even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. ²⁸But if God so clothes the grass which is alive in the field today and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, how much more will he clothe you, O men of little faith! ²⁹And do not seek what you are to eat and what you are to drink, nor be of anxious mind. ³⁰For all the nations of the world seek these things; and your Father knows that you need them. ³¹Instead, seek his kingdom, and these things shall be yours as well. ³²“Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father’s good pleasure to give you the kingdom. ³³Sell your possessions, and give alms; provide yourselves with purses that do not grow old, with a treasure in the heavens that does not fail, where no thief approaches and no moth destroys. ³⁴For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. ³⁵“Let your loins be girded and your lamps burning, ³⁶and be like men who are waiting for their master to come home from the marriage feast, so that they may open to him at once when he comes and knocks. ³⁷Blessed are those servants whom the master finds awake when he comes; truly, I say to you, he will gird himself and have them sit at table, and he will come and serve them. ³⁸If he comes in the second watch, or in the third, and finds them so, blessed are those servants! ³⁹ But know this, that if the householder had known at what hour the thief was coming, he would not have left his house to be broken into. ⁴⁰You also must be ready; for the Son of man is coming at an unexpected hour.” ⁴¹Peter said, “Lord, are you telling this parable for us or for all?” ⁴²And the Lord said, “Who then is the faithful and wise steward, whom his master will set over his household, to give them their portion of food at the proper time? ⁴³Blessed is that servant whom his master when he comes will find so doing. ⁴⁴Truly, I say to you, he will set him over all his possessions. ⁴⁵But if that servant says to himself, ‘My master is delayed in coming,’ and begins to beat the menservants and the maidservants, and to eat and drink and get drunk, ⁴⁶the master of that servant will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he does not know, and will punish him, and put him with the unfaithful. ⁴⁷And that servant who knew his master’s will, but did not make ready or act according to his will, shall receive a severe beating. ⁴⁸But he who did not know, and did what deserved a beating, shall receive a light beating. Every one to whom much is given, of him will much be required; and of him to whom men commit much they will demand the more. ⁴⁹“I came to cast fire upon the earth; and would that it were already kindled! ⁵⁰I have a baptism to be baptized with; and how I am constrained until it is accomplished! ⁵¹Do you think that I have come to give peace on earth? No, I tell you, but rather division; ⁵²for henceforth in one house there will be five divided, three against two and two against three; ⁵³they will be divided, father against son and son against father, mother against daughter and daughter against her mother, mother-in-law against her daughter-in-law and daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law.” ⁵⁴He also said to the multitudes, “When you see a cloud rising in the west, you say at once, ‘A shower is coming’; and so it happens. ⁵⁵And when you see the south wind blowing, you say, ‘There will be scorching heat’; and it happens. ⁵⁶You hypocrites! You know how to interpret the appearance of earth and sky; but why do you not know how to interpret the present time? ⁵⁷“And why do you not judge for yourselves what is right? ⁵⁸As you go with your accuser before the magistrate, make an effort to settle with him on the way, lest he drag you to the judge, and the judge hand you over to the officer, and the officer put you in prison. ⁵⁹I tell you, you will never get out till you have paid the very last copper.”

Intent of Chapter 12

1. 1-12Warnings and Encouragement

(Mat. 10:26-33)

1. 1Mat. 16:6,12 see Mk. 8:15 n.
2. 2See Mk. 4:22 n.v. 3 Similar to but differs from Mat. 10:27. v. 5 Heb. 10:31; v. 6 Mat. 10:29 The Penny (assarion) was one sixteenth of a denarius (see 12:59 n).  v. 7  21:18; Acts 27:34;  Mat. 12:12;  v. 9 Mk.8:38; Lk. 9:26; 2Tim 2:12.
3. 10Mat. 12:31 n. Mk. 3:28-29.
4. 11. Mat. 10:19; Mk. 13:11; Lk. 21:14-15.
5. 122Tim. 4:17.

1. 13-21The parable of the rich fool
2. 13Deut. 21:17 the elder received double that of the younger inheritors.
3. 15A man’s life is a period of the jubilee from 20 years of age in which man learns the faith (see also 1Tim. 6:6-10).
4. 20Jer. 17:11; Job 27:8; Ps. 39:6; Lk. 12:33-34.

1. 22-34Jesus warns about anxiety

(Mat. 6:25:33; 19:21); v. 24 12:6-7; v. 25 Mat. 6:27 n.; v. 27 1Kgs. 10:1-10; v. 30 Mat. 6:8.

1. 32Flock Refers to the elect as part of the Messiah’s Church of God (Ezek. Ch. 34).
2. 33-34(comp. Mat. 6:19-21; Mk. 10:21; Lk. 18:22; Acts 2:45; 4:32-35). Jesus spoke against abuse, and not of love of possessions or property, but of heavenly reward (v. 15).
3. 35-48Jesus warns about preparing for his coming and watchfulness(Mat. 24:43-51, (F040v)).  v. 35   Eph. 6:14; Mat. 25:1-13; Mk. 13:33-37;  v. 37 Jesus thinks of the Messianic Banquet (13:29; 22:16)  as a Marriage Feast (see Trumpets (No. 136) Part II). v. 38 The time between 9 pm and 3 am as the Night of Watching on the night of the Passover on 15 Abib (cf. The Passover (No. 098) and Night to be Much Observed (No. 101) or Night of Observation).
4. 39-40Mat. 24:43-44; 1Thes. 5:2; Rev. 3:3; 16:15; 2Pet. 3:10; v. 42 Mat. 24:45-51;
5. 47-48Deut. 25:2-3; Num. 15:29-30; Lk. 8:18; 19:26.

1. 49-53On the End of the Age
2. 49FireChrist came to cast fire (of Judgment) on the earth (Mat. 3:11; 7:19; Mk. 9:48; Lk. 3:16).
3. 50Mk. 10:38-39; Jn. 12:27;

See also Bullinger’s notes to verse 50.

Christ’s baptism in this case was the death by execution on the stauros or stake and his resurrection.

6. 51-53Mat. 10:34-36; Lk. 21:16; Mic. 7:6.

Christ came to divide people over the faith and make them aware of their errors and heresies.

1. 54-56Jesus warns about the future crisis(Mat. 16:2-3) Winds from the west blew off the Mediterranean; winds from the South blew off the desert. Jesus is saying that there are many signs of spiritual crisis that men neglect.

12:57-59 Mat. 5:25-26; v. 59 The copper (lepton) was the smallest Greek coin in circulation. There were two lepta to a quadran (penny) in Mat. 5:26; Mk. 12:42, eight to an assarion (penny in Lk. 12:6) and 128 (per RSV)) to a denarius, the daily wage in Mat. 20:2.

*****

Bullinger’s Notes on Luke Chs. 9-12 (for

KJV)

Chapter 9

Verse 1

His twelve disciples. Most of the texts omit “His disciples”. Hence we must render. “the Twelve”. Compare Luke 9:10

power. Greek dunamis. App-172 .

authority. Greek exousia. See App-172 .

over. Greek. epi. App-104 .

devils = the demons. cure. Greek. therapeuo. Same as “heal” Luke 9:61 .

Verse 2

preach = proclaim. App-121 .

the kingdom of God . See App-114 .

heal. Greek. iaomai. Not the same word as in Luke 9:1 .

unto = to. Greek. pros. App-104 .

for = with a view to. Greek. eis. App-104 .

staves . See note on Matthew 10:10 .

scrip = a collecting bag (for money). See note on Matthew 10:10 .

Verse 4

ye enter = ye may enter. (The force of an.) into. Greek. eis. App-104 .

Verse 5

will not = may not. (The force of an.)

not. Greek me. App-105 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:27 , Luke 9:40 , Luke 9:58; Luke 9:58 .

of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:7 , Luke 9:8 , Luke 9:9 , Luke 7:11 .

shake off , &c. Figure of speech Paroemia. App-6 .

from. Greek. apo. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:7 .

against . Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 6

through the towns = village by (Greek. kata. App-104 .) village.

preaching the gospel = announcing the glad tidings. App-121 .

Verse 7

Herod, &c. See App-109 .

was done = was being done “by Him”.

1. Greek. hupo. App-104 . [L] T Tr. A WH R omit “by Him”.

perplexed = bewildered: i.e. seeing no way out. Greek. diaporeo. Used only by Luke, here; Luke 24:4 .Acts 2:12 ; Acts 5:24 ; Acts 10:17 .

because . Greek. dia. App-104 .Luke 9:2 .

of = by. Greek. hupo. App-104 .

from = out from. Greek. ek. App-104 .

the dead = dead people. No Art. See App-139 .

Verse 8

Elias = Elijah.

had appeared: i.e. in fulfilment of Malachi 4:5 . App-106 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:31 .

Verse 9

of = concerning. Greek peri. App-104 .

desired = was seeking. More than desiring.

see . Greek. eidon. App-133 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:36

Verse 10

apostles . See the Twelve, Luke 9:1 .

Bethsaida. Peculiar to Luke. See App-169 . Aramaean. App-94 .

Verse 11

when they knew = having got to know it. App-132 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:33 , Luke 9:55 .

healing. Greek. therapeia. Compare Luke 9:1 .

Verse 12

wear away = decline.

lodge. Peculiar to Luke, here. Greek. kataluo, to unloose, disband, halt, also destroy, its most frequent meaning. Compare Luke 19:7 ; Luke 21:6 . Matthew 5:17 . Mark 14:58 .

victuals = provisions.

1. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:48, Luke 9:49 .

Verse 13

no . Greek. ou. App-105 .

fishes ; except. Supply the logical Ellipsis ( App-6 ): “fishes, [therefore we are not able to give them to eat] except we should go”, &c.

except = unless indeed.

meat = food.

Verse 14

men. Greek. Plural of aner. App-123 .

62. Greek pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:9, Luke 9:16 [ Conversion Note : These numbers were listed after the Luke 9:16 verse and appear to be a misprint on page 1459 of the original book: vv. 16, -51, 53, 56, 62.]

down = recline.

Verse 16

1. Greek. eis. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:14, Luke 9:40 , Luke 9:52 , Luk 14:62 .

heaven = the heaven (Singular.) See notes on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

Verse 17

remained = was over and above. Put a comma after “them”.

baskets . See note on Matthew 14:20 .

Verse 18

it came to pass. See note on Luke 2:1 .

as He was = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) His praying. The fourth of seven such recorded occasions.

praying, Peculiar to Luke, here. App-134 .

Whom = Who.

Verse 19

answering said. See note on Deuteronomy 1:41 .

some = others. App-124 .

others . Same as “some “above.

Verse 20

The Christ = The Messiah. App-98 .

Verse 21

straitly = strictly.

charged = charged (under penalty).

that thing = this. Thus closes the second of the four great periods of the Lord’s ministry. Enough had been said and done by Him. See App-119 .

Verse 22

The Son of man . See App-98 .

must = it is necessary. See Luke 24:26 . Acts 3:18 .

suffer = to suffer. This is the first mention of His

sufferings . See the Structure, and p. “L”, “N”, and “L”, “N”. Note that these are never mentioned apart from the “glory” (verses: Luke 9:26 , Luke 9:32 ) in either O.T. or N.T.

be rejected . After trial, therefore trial premeditated, and deliberate, “after three days” (Matthew 27:63 ).

raised. Pass. of egeiro. App-178 .

the third day. But see App-148 .

Verse 23

If any man , &c. See App-118 .

will come = desireth ( App-102 .) to come.

take up = let him take up.

daily. Peculiar to Luke, here.

Verse 24

will = desireth, or willeth ( App-102 .) to.

save . Greek sozo.

life = soul. Greek. psuche. App-110 .

Verse 25

man . Greek. anthropos. App-123 .

advantaged = profited.

if he gain = having gained. A mercantile word. world. Greek kosmos. App-129 .

and lose himself = having destroyed himself.

be cast away = suffer loss. Another mercantile word.

Verse 26

shall be ashamed of = may (with Greek an) have been ashamed of; implying [before men].

him = this [one].

glory. Often mentioned by itself, but the sufferings never mentioned apart from it.

Verse 27

of a truth. Thus emphasizing the coming statement. some = some of those.

not = in no wise, or by no means. Greek. ou me ( App-105 ).

taste of = experience [the approach of].

they see = they may possibly (Greek. an) have seen.

Verse 28

about an eight days. This is inclusive reckoning (including parts of two other days), and is exactly the same as the exclusive six days of Matthew 17:1 and Mark 9:2 .

after. Greek. meta. App-104 .

a = the (well known).

to pray. App-134 . This is the fifth of seven such occasions. Peculiar to Luke, here.

Verse 29

And = And it came to pass.

as He prayed = in(Greek. en App-104 .) His praying.

fashion = appearance.

countenance = face.

was altered = [became] different. Greek. heteros. App-124 .

glistering = effulgent, or lightening forth (as though from internal light). The Eng. “glister” is from the Anglo-Saxon glisian = to shine, or glitter.

Verse 30

behold. Figure of speech Asterismos ( App-6 ).

talked = were talking.

which = who. Moses. See App-149 .

Verse 31

appeared . . . and = being seen. See App-106 .

spake = were speaking. Peculiar to Luke, here.

decease. Greek. exodos. See App-149 .

should = was about to.

accomplish . His death did not merely happen. It was He Who Himself accomplished it and fulfilled all the Scriptures concerning it. Compare Luke 9:53 and Isaiah 50:7 .

at = in. Greek. en. Not the same word as in verses: Luk 43:61 .

Verse 32

with . Greek sun. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:41 .

heavy = oppressed.

when they were awake = on fully waking up. Greek diagregoreo. Occurs only here.

Verse 33

as they departed = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) their departing. Peculiar to Luke, here. The verb diachbrizomai Occurs only here in N.T.

Master . Greek. epistates. App-98 . Used only of Christ, as having authority. tabernacles. Compare Matthew 17:4 .

knowing . Greek oida. App-132 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:11 .

Verse 34

there came = there came to be.

overshadowed = enveloped. The word Occurs only here, Luke 1:35 .Matthew 17:5 .Mark 9:7 . Acts 5:15 .

them : i.e. the three, not the six, as the Apostles heard the voice “out of “the cloud,

as they entered = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) their entering.

Verse 35

out of . Greek. ek. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:5

hear = hear ye.

Verse 36

when . . . was past , literal in (Greek. en. App-104 .) the passing of.

kept it close = were silent.

no man = no one. Compound of ou. App-105 .

seen. Greek horao. App-133 .

Verse 37

1. Greek. en App-104 .

come down . Greek. katerchomai, only once outside Luke and Acts (in James 3:15 .

the hill = the mountain, as in Luke 9:28 .

Verse 38

Master = Teacher. App-98 .

beseech. App-134 .

look. Greek. epiblepo. App-133 .

upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 39

lo . Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .

spirit. Greek. pneuma. App-101 : a demon; Compare Luke 9:42 .

suddenly . Greek exaiphnes. Only here, Luke 2:13 .Mark 13:36 . Acts 9:3 ; Acts 22:6 , always in connection with supernatural events.

teareth him = throws him into convulsions.

that he foameth again = with (Greek. meta. App-104 .) foaming.

bruising him = making a complete wreck of him. Compare Mark 5:4 .Revelation 2:27 .

Verse 40

him = it.

not . Greek. ou. App-105 .

Verse 41

faithless = unbelieving.

Perverse = perverted.

with . Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:9 , Luke 9:32 -, Luke 9:49 .

suffer = bear with. Compare Acts 18:14 . 2 Corinthians 11:1 .

Verse 42

a coming = coming near.

devil = demon. A spirit, Luke 9:39 .

threw = dashed.

tare = completely convulsed. Greek. susparasso. Occurs only here in N.T.

child. Greek. pais. App-108 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:47 .

Verse 43

amazed = astonished.

1. Greek. epi. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:31, Luke 9:61 .

mighty power = majesty. Occurs only here, Acts 19:27 , and 2 Peter 1:16 .

wondered = were wondering.

Jesus . Most of the texts omit “Jesus” here.

Verse 44

sayings = words. Plural of logos. See note on Mark 9:32 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:45 .

shall be = is about to be.

delivered = delivered up. The second announcement of His sufferings. See the Structure on p. 1461.

Verse 45

understood not = were ignorant of.

saying . Greek. rhema. Not the same word as in Luke 9:44 . See note on Mark 9:32 .

hid = veiled.

perceived it not = should not understand it. Not the same word as in Luke 9:47 .

Verse 46

among. Greek. en. App-104 .

which = who,

greatest = greater.

Verse 47

perceiving = having seen. App-133 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:45 .

thought = reasoning, as in Luke 9:46 .

child . App-108 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:42 .

by = beside. Greek para. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 9:7 .

Verse 48

in . Greek. epi. App-104 .

is = subsists or exists. Greek. huparcho, not the verb “to be”. See Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:6 (being); Luke 3:20 (is).

least = lowliest.

shall be . All the texts read “is”.

Verse 49

with = in association with. Greek. meta. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 9:9 , Luke 9:32 -, Luke 9:41 .

Verse 50

against. Greek. kata. App-104 .

1. All the texts read “you”.

for us = on our behalf. Greek. huper. App-104 .

Verse 51

These verses are peculiar to Luke.

when the time was come = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) the fulfilling of the days. Marking a certain stage of the Lord’s ministry.

that He should be received up = for the receiving Him up. Greek. analepsis. Occurs only here in the N.T. The kindred verb analambano is used of the ascension of Elijah in Septuagint. (2 Kings 2:11 ), and of the Lord in Mark 16:19 . Acts 1:2 , Acts 1:11 , Acts 1:22 , and 1 Timothy 3:16 .

he = He Himself.

set His face . See note on Luke 9:31 , Isaiah 50:7 .

Verse 52

before . Greek. pro. App-104 . Samaritans. Compare 2 Kings 17:26-33 .

ready = to prepare [reception].

Verse 53

would go = was going.

Verse 54

Lord . App-98 .

wilt . App-102 .

command fire = should call down fire.

heaven = the heaven (Singular.) See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

even as Elias did = as Elijah also did. See 2 Kings 1:10 . Omitted by T Trm. [A] WH.

Verse 55

and said . . . save them (Luke 9:56 ). This clause is omitted by all the texts.

spirit. Hebrew. pneuma. See App-101 .

Verse 56

is not come = came not.

lives = souls. App-110 .

another = different. App-124 .

Verse 57

as they went = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) their going.

a certain man. A scribe (Matthew 8:19 )

Lord. Om. L T Tr. [A] WI R.

\

Verse 58

the air = the heaven, as in Luke 9:54 .

hath not where, &c. See note on Matthew 8:20 , and compare Revelation 14:14 .

Verse 59

suffer me = allow me. bury my father. A euphemism for declining an invitation, as the Jews buried within twenty-four hoursand did not leave the house for ten days.

Verse 60

their = their own.

preach = declare. Greek. diangello. App-121 . Occurs elsewhere only in Acts 21:26 (signify). Romans 9:17 .

Verse 61

let = allow. Verses Luk 61:62 are peculiar to Luke.

at home at my house = in (Greek. eis. App-104 .) my house, or at home.

Verse 62

No man = no one. Compound of ou. App-105 .

hand. Plough always held with one hand.

looking. App-133 .

Chapter 10

Verse 1

Luke 10:1-16 are peculiar to Luke.

After. Greek. meta. App-104 .

Lord. App-98 .

appointed . Greek anadeiknumi. Occurs only here,

and Acts 1:24 (shew).

other = others, as in Luke 9:56 , Luke 9:59 , Luke 9:61 .

seventy also : i.e. as well as the Twelve.

before. Greek. pro. App-104 .

into. Greek. eis. App-104 .

would come = was about to come.

Verse 2

unto . Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 10:9 , Luke 10:11 .

pray. Greek. deomai. App-134 . Implying the senseof need.

would = may.

Verse 3

behold = lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .

among = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) the midst.

Verse 4

neither = not. Greek. me. App-105 .

purse. Greek balantion. Peculiar to Luke; only here; Luke 12:33 .; Luke 22:35 , Luke 22:36 .

nor . Greek me.

scrip = a beggar’s collecting bag. See on Matthew 10:10 .

nor . Greek. mede.

shoes = sandals: i.e. a second pair or change.

salute = greet. In Luke only here and Luke 1:40 .

no man. Greek. medeis.

by . Greek. kata. App-104 .

Verse 5

ye enter = ye may enter.

Peace , &c. The usual salutation. Compare Judges 19:20 .

Verse 6

if = if indeed. A condition of uncertainty. App-118 .

if not. Greek. ei ( App-118 .) mega ( App-105 ).

1. Greek. epi. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 7:15, Luke 7:30 , Luke 7:34 .

Verse 7

in . Greek. en. App-104 .

they give = are with (Greek. para. App-104 .)

them. not. Greek. me. App-105 .

from = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 . Not the sameword as in verses: Luke 10:21 , Luke 10:30 , Luke 10:42 . Greek eis. App-104 .

Verse 8

ye enter = ye may enter (with Greek. an).

Verse 9

heal. See on Luke 6:13 .

therein = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) it.

unto = to. The kingdom of God. See App-114 .

come nigh = drawn nigh.

unto . Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 11

of = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 10:22 .

cleaveth . A medical term, used of the uniting of wounds.

wipe off Greek. apemasso. Occurs only here in N.T. All the texts add “the feet ” (A, “our feet “).

notwithstanding. See note on Luke 10:20 .

be ye sure = get to know. Greek. ginosko. App-132 .

Verse 13

Chorazin . . . Bethsaida . See App-169 .

Bethsaida . Aramaean. App-94 .

mighty works = powers. Greek. Plural of dunamis. See App-172 .

been done = taken place.

repented. See App-111 .

sackcloth. Greek. sakkos, from Rob. sak = sacking. A coarsely woven material used for sieves and strainers (worn next the skin in mourning), Isaiah 3:24 . Job 16:15 . 1 Kings 21:27 . 2 Kings 6:30 ; not laid aside at night, 1 Kings 21:27 . Joel 1:13 . Compare Isaiah 20:2 , &c.

ashes. Also a sign of mourning. See 1Sa 4:12 . 2 Samuel 1:2 ; 2 Samuel 13:19 . Job 2:12 .Ezekiel 27:30 , &c

Verse 14

But = Howbeit. See note on Luke 10:20 .

at = in. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 10:32 , Luke 10:39 .

Verse 15

Capernaum. See App-169 .

which art exalted. All the texts read, “shalt thou be exalted? “(with me, App-105 . Interrog.)

1. Greek. heos. As far asto.

heaven = the heaven (sing). See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

shalt , &c. = thou shalt be brought down.

hell. Greek. Hades. See App-131 .

Verse 16

despiseth = rejecteth. See Luke 7:30 , and compare Galatians 1:2 , Galatians 1:21 ; Galatians 3:15 .

sent . App-174 .

Verse 17

the seventy . See note on Luke 10:1 .

with . Greek. meta. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 10:27 . devils-demons.

subject = subdued, put under. Compare Luke 2:51 . 1 Corinthians 15:27 , 1 Corinthians 15:28 . Eph 11:22 .Philippians 1:3 , Philippians 1:21 .

through . Greek. en. App-104 .

Verse 18

I beheld . Greek. theoreo. App-133 .

Satan . Hebrew transliterated = the Adversary. 1 Samuel 29:4 . Diabolos is the more frequent term in the N.T. Both are in Revelation 12:9 .

fall = having fallen.

Verse 19

I give = I have given. So L m T Tr. A WH R.

power = authority. Greek. exousia. App-172 .

1. Greek. epano, upon (from above). Not the sameword as in verses: Luk 34:35 , Luk 34:37 .

over = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

power = might. Greek. dunamis. App-172 .

nothing . . . by any means. Greek. ouden. ., ou me. App-105 .

Verse 20

Notwithstanding. Greek. plen, as in Luke 10:11 ; rendered “But” in Luke 10:14 , an emphatic conjunction.

spirits. App-101 .

are written = have been written (T Tr. WI R), or in-scribed (TWH). See Exodus 32:32 .Psalms 69:28 . Daniel 12:1 .Philippians 1:4 , Philippians 1:3 .Hebrews 12:23 , Revelation 3:5 ; Revelation 13:8 ; Revelation 17:8 ; Revelation 20:12 ; Revelation 21:27 ; Revelation 22:19 .

heaven = the heavens (plural) See notes on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

Verse 21

Jesus. Om. by all the texts.

rejoiced = exulted.

in spirit . Greek. en ( App-104 .) pneuma. See App-101 . But all the texts read “by the Spirit, the

Holy [Spirit]”. App-101 .

I thank . See notes on Matthew 11:25-27 .

Lord, &c. Havingtherefore absolute power. App-98 . B. b.

hast hid = didst hide,

from . Greek. apo. App-104 .

hast revealed = didst reveal.

so = thus.

seemed good = was it well-pleasing.

in Thy sight = before thee.

Verse 22

are = were.

of = by. Greek hupo. App-104 .

no . Greek. ou. App-105 .

knoweth = getteth to know. Greek. ginosko. App-132 .

but = except. will

reveal Him = willeth ( App-102 .) to reveal [Him].

Verse 23

Blessed = Happy. Figure of speech Beatitude, not Benedictio

the eyes. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche, of the Part ( App-6 ), for the whole person.

see. Greek. blepo. App-133 .

Verse 24

tell you = say to you.

prophets. Abraham (Genesis 20:7 ; Genesis 23:6 ), Jacob (Genesis 49:18 ; App-36 ), &c.

kings. David (2 Samuel 23:1-5 ).

desired. Greek. thelo. App-102 .

see. Greek. eidon. App-133 .

not . Greek. ou. App-105 .

Verse 25

lawyer = doctor or teacher of the Law.

and tempted Him = putting Him to the test.

Master = Teacher. App-98 .

Verse 26

What is written . . . ? = What standeth written? See App-143 .

the law. See note on Matthew 5:17 , and App-117

Verse 27

love . App-135 .

LORD = Jehovah (Deuteronomy 6:5 ; Deuteronomy 10:12 .Leviticus 19:18; Leviticus 19:18 ). App-98 . B. a.

with = ont of; Greek. ek. App-104 .

and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6 .

soul . Greek. psuche. App-110 . Luke 10:1 .

strength . Greek. ischus. App-172 .

with all thy mind. All the texts read en ( App-104 .) instead of ek. ( App-104 .)

and thy neighbour, &c. Leviticus 19:18 .

Verse 28

right = rightly, or correctly.

this do . No one ever did it, because the Law was given that, being convicted of’ our impotence, we might thankfully cast ourselves on His omnipotence. Compare Romans 7:7-13 .

thou shalt live . See notes on Leviticus 18:5 , and compare Ezekiel 20:11 , Ezekiel 20:13 , Ezekiel 20:21 . But see Romans 3:21 , Romans 3:22 . This is why Deuteronomy 6:5 is one of the passages inscribed in the Phylacteries. See Structure of Exodus 13:3-16 , and note on Deuteronomy 6:4 .

shalt = wilt. Compare Galatians 1:3 , Galatians 1:22 .

Verse 29

But he, &c. Verses 29-37 peculiar to Luke.

willing = desiring, as in Luke 10:24 .

neighbour . Compare Matthew 5:43 .Leviticus 19:18 .

Verse 30

answering = taking him up. Greek. hupolambano. Used only by Luke, here, Luke 7:43 .Acts 1:9 ; Acts 2:15 , and in this sense only here = taking [the ground] from under him.

man. Greek. anthropos. App-123 .

down . In more senses than one. The road was a steep descent. Compare Luke 19:28 .

thieves = robbers, or brigands, as in Matthew 26:55 .John 18:40 . See notes there.

stripped , &c. Not of his raiment only, but of all he had.

wounded = inflicted wounds.

departed = went off. leaving him. Supply, with the force of the verb tunchano = leaving him [for all they cared] half dead.

half dead. Greek. hemithanes. Occurs only here in N.T.

Verse 31

by = according to. Greek kata. App-104 . chance = coincidence. Occurs only here in N.T.

there came down = was going down; his duties being over. Jericho was a priestly city,

priest . Who might become defiled. passed by on the other side. One word in Greek. antiparerchomai. Occurs only here and Luke 10:32 in N.T.

Verse 32

when he was = being. at. Greek. kata. App-104 .

place = spot.

looked on him, and = seeing (as in Luke 10:31 ) him.

Verse 33

journeyed. Greek. hodeuo. Occurs only here.

came where he was. A beautiful type of the Lord. And the end is seen in John 14:3 .

where he was = to (kata, as above) him.

had compassion = was moved with compassion.

Verse 34

bound up. Greek. katadeo, a medical word. Occurs only

here in N.T.

wounds. Greek. trauma. Occurs only here.

pouring in. Greek. epicheo. Occurs only here.

on = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

inn. Greek. pandocheion = a khan. Occurs onlyhere in N.T.

Verse 35

pence = denarii, See App-51 .

Two denarii = half a shekel, theransom money for a life (Exodus 30:12 , Exodus 30:13 ).

the host. Greek. pandocheus. Compare “inn”, above.

spendest more. Greek. prosdapanao. Occurs only here,

when I come again = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) my coming back.

I . Emph.

Verse 36

now = therefore. Om. by [L] T [Tr. ] AWI R.

thinkest thou = seems to thee.

was = to have become.

among . Greek. eis. App-104 .

Verse 37

on = with. Greek. meta. App-104 .

Verse 38

Now. Verses 38-42peculiar to Luke.

Martha. Aramaean. App-94 .

Verse 39

Mary. App-100 .

also sat = sat also.

sat = seated herself. Greek. parakathizo. Occurs only here in N.T. Mary always misunderstood, but always found “at the Lord’s feet”; (1) her want of care, Compare Luke 10:42 ; (2) her following Martha, John 11:31 ; compare verses: Luke 10:32 , Luke 10:33 ; (3) her anointing of the Lord’s feet, John 12:3 ; compare Luke 3:7 .

at beside . Greek. para. App-104 . All the texts read pros = against. App-104 .

Jesus’. All the texts read “the Lord’s”.

heard = was listening to.

Verse 40

cumbered = distracted. Greek. perispaomai. Occurs only here.

about = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .

came = came up.

Lord . Note the avoidance of the name “Jesus” by His disciples and others. See App-98 .

dost Thou not care . . . ? = is it no concern to Thee. . . ?

she help me . Greek. sunantilambanomai. Occurs only here and Romans 8:26 in N.T. Supposed to be only a Biblical word, but it is found in the Papyri, and in inscriptions in the sense of taking a mutual interest or share in things.

Verse 41

Martha, Martha. Figure of speech Epizeuxis. App-6 . See note on Genesis 22:11 .

careful . See note on Matthew 6:25 .

troubled = agitated. Greek. turbazomai. Occurs only here.

Verse 42

one thing , &c. = of one of [them] is there need. Not the unspiritual idea of “one dish”, as there were not two or more as in our days. The Lord referred not to Martha’s serving, but to her over-care.

Chapter 11

Verse 1

it came to pass. A Hebraism. See Luke 2:1 .

as He was praying = in(Greek. en. App-104 .)

His praying . The sixth of seven such occasions.

praying. Greek. proseuchomai. App-134 .

in . Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 11:2 , Luke 11:6 , Luke 11:7 , Luke 11:33 -.

when = as.

unto = to. Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 11:24 , Luke 11:51 .

Lord. Note the disciple’s form of address.

as = even as.

Verse 2

heaven = the

heavens. See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

Hallowed = Sanctified.

Thy name . See note on Psalms 20:1 .

Thy kingdom. See App-111 , 112, 113, 114.

come = Let . . . come.

be done = come to pass. heaven (singular) See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

in = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

earth . Greek. ge. App-129 .

Verse 3

day by day = according to (Greek. kata. App-104 .)the day.

daily. Greek. epiousias. See note on Matthew 6:11 .

bread . Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6 , for food in general.

Verse 4

forgive. See note on Luke 3:3 .James 5:15 .

sins. Trespasses comes from Tyndale’s Version.

lead = bring.

not. Greek. me. App-105 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 11:7 , Luke 11:8 , Luke 11:38 , Luke 11:40 , Luke 11:44 , Luke 11:46 , Luke 11:52 .

into . Greek. eis . App-104 .

temptation = trial or testing. from = away

from . Greek. apo. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 11:16 , Luke 11:31 .

evil = the evil, or the evil one, denoting active harmfulness.

Verse 5

And He said , &c. Verses 5-10 are peculiar to Luke.

of = among. Greek. ek. App-104 .

lend. Greek. chrao. Occurs only here.

Verse 6

For = Since.

in = off. Greek. ek. App-104 .

to . Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 11:37 .

nothing to = not (Greek. ou. App-105 ) what I may.

Verse 7

now = already. The door would on no account be opened to a stranger at night.

children. Greek. paidion. App-108 .

with. Greek. meta. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 11:20 , Luke 11:37 . A whole family will sleep in one room, in the garments worn by day, in one large bed.

1. Greek. eis. App-104 .

cannot = am not (Greek. ou. App-105 ) able to.

Verse 8

not . Greek. ou. App-105 .

because = on account of. Greek. dia. App-104 .Luke 11:2 .

importunity = shamelessness, impudence. Greek. anaideia. Occurs only here in N.T.

Verse 9

Ask. seek. knock . Note the Figure of speech Anabasis ( App-6 ). Ask. Greek. aiteo. Always used of an inferior to a superior. Never used of the Lord to the Father.

Verse 11

If , &c. = Shall a son ask, &c.

any = which.

if, &c. App-118 .

a fish = a fish also

for = instead. Greek. anti. App-104 .

Verse 12

if . Greek. ean, App-118 . b.

offer = give to.

Verse 13

know . Greek. oida. App-132 .

children. App-108 .

heavenly = out of (Greek. ek. App-104 .) heaven.

the Holy Spirit = spiritual gifts. No articles. Greek. pneuma hagion. See App-101 . Note the five contrasts. A loaf, a stone; a fish, a serpent; an egg, a scorpion; temporal gifts, spiritual gifts; earthly fathers, the heavenly Father.

Verse 14

devil = demon.

the dumb spake = the dumb [man] spake.

Verse 15

through = by. Greek en. App-104 .

Beelzebub . Aramaean. See on Matthew 10:25 . App-94 .

Verse 16

others . Greek. Plural of heteros. App-124 .

of = from. Greek. para. App-104 .

from = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 .

heaven . Singular, as in Luke 11:2 .

Verse 17

thoughts = intents, purposes, or machinations. Greek. dianoema. Occurs only here in N.T.

against. Greek. epi. App-104 .

brought to desolation. Greek. eremoo. Occurs only here, Matthew 12:25 ; and Revelation 17:16 ; Revelation 18:17 , Revelation 18:19 .

Verse 18

Beelzebub. Aramaean, as in Luke 11:15 . See note on Matthew 10:25 . This is the “unpardonable sin”. See Mark 8:28-30 .

Verse 19

1. Greek en. App-104 .

therefore = on this account. Greek. dia. App-104 .Luke 11:2 .

Verse 20

with = by. Greek. en, as in Luke 11:19 . Compare Matthew 3:11 .

the finger of God . Figure of speech Anthropopatheia. App-6 See Exodus 8:19 . Finger, here, put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6 , for the Holy Spirit Himself.

the kingdom of God . See App-114 .

come upon you . With suddenness and surprise Greek. phthano. Occurances elsewhere: Matthew 12:28 . Rom 9:31 , 2 Corinthians 10:14 .Philippians 1:3 , Php 1:16 . 1 Thessalonians 2:16 ; 1 Thessalonians 4:15 .

Verse 21

a = the.

armed = fully armed: from head to foot. Compare Matthew 12:28 . Greek. kathoplizomai. Occurs only here in N.T.

keepeth = guardeth.

his palace = his own court. Greek. aule. Matthew 26:3 , Matthew 26:58 , Matthew 26:69

goods = possessions.

Verse 22

when = as soon as.

taketh = taketh away. Same word as in Luke 8:12 .

all his armour = his panoply. Occurs only here, any Ephesians 6:11 , Ephesians 6:13 .

wherein = on (Greek. epi. App-104 .) which.

trusted = had trusted.

spoils. Compare Mark 5:5 . Occurs only here.

Verse 24

unclean . See Luke 4:33 .

spirit : i.e. demon. See App-101 .

of = away from. Greek. apo. App-104 .

man. Greek. anthropos. App-123 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 11:31 , Luke 11:32 .

through . Greek. dia. App-104 .

dry = waterless. Compare Isaiah 13:21 , Isaiah 13:22 ; Isaiah 34:14 , &c.

none = not (Greek. me. App-105 ) [any].

unto . Greek. eis. App-104 .

Verse 25

garnished = adorned.

Verse 26

taketh = taketh to. Compare Matthew 7:21 .

other = different. Greek. heteros. App-124 .

wicked. App-128 .

dwell = settle down.

is = becomes.

Verse 27

as He spake = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) His speaking.

company = crowd.

Blessed = Happy.

hast sucked = didst suck.

Verse 29

And when , &c. Luke 11:29-36 peculiar to Luke.

were gathered = were gathering. Occurs only here.

This , &c. See note on Matthew 11:18 .

evil. Greek. poneros. App-128 . Compare Matthew 12:34 .

sign . Greek. semeion. App-176 .

Jonas = Jonah. See notes on p. 1247.

Verse 30

as = even as.

was = became.

the Ninevites . They must therefore have known of the miracle connected with him.

also the Son of man = the Son of man also.

the Son of man. See App-98 .

this generation. See note on Luke 11:29 .

Verse 31

The queen of the south. See 1 Kings 10:1-13 . 2 Chronicles 9:1-12 .

rise up . From the dead.

men . Greek. Plural of aner. App-128 .

condemn . Greek katakrino. App-122 .

utmost parts = the ends.

behold . Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .

a greater = something more. Compare Matthew 12:6 .

Verse 32

rise up = stand up as witnesses. Not the same word as “rise up “in Luke 11:31 . App-178 .

repented . See App-111 .

at . Greek. eis. App-104 .

preaching = proclamation. See App-121 .

Verse 33

No man , &c. Repeated here from Matthew 5:15 .

Greek. oudeis = no one, compound of ou . App-105 .

candle = lamp. See App-130 .

secret place = cellar, or vault. All the texts read krupte (crypt).

under . Greek. hupo. App-104 .

a bushel = the corn measure. Compare Matthew 5:15 . on. Greek. epi. App-104 .

a candlestick = the lampstand. App-180 .

see. App-133 .

light . App-130 .

Verse 34

light = lamp. Same word as “candle “in Luke 11:33 . See App-130 .

eye. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6 , for the eyesight.

single = sound: referring to the eyesight as “good”, Occ:. only here and Matthew 6:22 .

full of light = illuminated.

evil. Greek. poneros. See App-128 .

full of darkness = dark.

Verse 35

Take heed = Seq. Greek. skopeo. Occurs only here Romans 16:17 . 2 Corinthians 4:18 . Galatians 1:6 , Galatians 1:1 .Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:4 ; Philippians 3:17 ,

light . Greek phos. See App-130 .

Verse 36

no . Greek. me. App-105 .

the bright shining of a candle = the lamp with its brilliance.

doth give thee light = may light thee. Greek. photizo. Compare App-130 .

Verse 37

as He spake = literal in (Greek. en. App-104 .) His speaking.

besought = asked. App-134 .

to dine = that he would dine,

dine = take breakfast. Greek. aristao, not deipneo. The morning meal after returning from the synagogue. Occurs (with the noun) only here; Luke 14:12 .Matthew 22:4 .John 21:12 , John 21:15 .

with = beside. Greek para. App-104 .

sat down to meat = reclined Himself.

Verse 38

washed = performed His ablutions. App-115 and App-136 .

before. Greek. pro. App-104 .

dinner. Greek. ariston. See note on “dine”, Luke 11:37 .

Verse 39

clean: i. a. ceremonially clean.

platter = dish. See note on Matthew 14:8 .

ravening and wickedness = wicked greed. Figure of speech Hendiadys. App-6 .

wickedness . App-128 .

Verse 40

Ye fools. Fools = senseless ones. Greek. aphron. The first of eleven occurances.

Verse 41

But rather , &c. = Nevertheless [ye say] “give alms”, &c. This was the great meritorious work. supposed to cleanse or make amends for everything.

such things as ye have = the things that are within. Greek. ta enonta. Occurs only here in N.T.

Verse 42

ye tithe = ye tithe, or pay or take tithes. Greek. epode katoo. Occurs only here; Luke 18:12 .Matthew 23:23 ; and Hebrews 7:5 .

all manner of herbs = every herb. Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Genus), App-6 , for all tithable herbs.

pass over = pass by, as in Mark 6:48 .

judgment. A Hebraism = justice. App-177 .

the love of God . Genitive of relation ( App-17 .), meaning the love required by God, as admitted by the lawyer (Luke 10:27 ).

ought ye to have done = it behoved you to do.

leave . . . undone = leave aside. But most of the texts read “pass by”, as in the preceding clause.

Verse 43

love. App-135 .

uppermost. Same as “chief” in Matthew 23:6 .

Verse 44

hypocrites . Theodotion’s rendering of Job 34:30 , and Job 36:13 , and Aquila and Theod. in Job 15:34 , and by Aquila, Syria., and Theod. in Proverbs 11:9 , Isaiah 33:14 , and Septuagint in Isaiah 32:6 , show that the word had come to mean not merely “false pretence”, but positive impiety or wickedness.

appear not = are unseen.

that walk over them = who walk about above them.

aware = know. Greek. oida. App-132 .

Verse 45

lawyers = teachers of the law. Greek. nomikos. Not the same as in Luke 5:17 .

Master = Teacher. App-98 .

thus = these things.

reproachest = insultest.

Verse 46

lade . Compare “heavy laden”, Matthew 11:28 .

grievous. This refers to the innumerable precepts of the Oral Law, now embodied in the Talmud. Greek. dusbastaktos. Occurs only here and Matthew 23:4 in N.T.

touch . Greek. prospsauo = to touch gently. A medical word, used of feeling the pulse or a sore place on the body. Occurs only here.

Verse 47

ye build = ye are building.

sepulchres = tombs. See Matthew 23:29 .

Verse 48

Truly = So then.

that ye allow = and give your full approval to.

Verse 49

the Wisdom of God. This is Christ Himself; for in Matthew 23:34 this is exactly what He did say. It is not a quotation from the O.T., or any apocryphal book. I will send, &c. This He did, in and during the dispensation of the Acts. Compare Matthew 22:1-7 .

them = unto (Greek. eis. App-104 .) them.

prophets and apostles. See note on Ephesians 2:20 .

Verse 50

all the prophets. Compare Luke 6:23 .

shed = poured out. Same word as in Luke 22:20 .

foundation , &c. See note on Proverbs 8:22 .Matthew 13:35 .

world . Greek kosmos. See App-129 .

required. Greek ekzeteo. Occurs also Acts 15:17 . Romans 3:11 .Hebrews 11:6 ; Heb 12:17 . 1 Peter 1:10 .

of . Greek. apo. App-104 ,

this generation. See note on Matthew 11:16 .

Verse 51

Abel . Genesis 4:8 . App-117 .

Zacharias . See note on Matthew 23:35 .

the altar. Of burnt offering,

the temple . Greek. the house: i.e. the naos, or Sanctuary. See note on Matthew 23:16 ,

verily . See note on Matthew 5:18 .

Verse 52

key. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6 , for entrance to and acquirement of knowledge. Compare Malachi 2:8 .

hindered = forbade, as in Luke 9:49 .

Verse 53

said = was saying.

to urge Him vehemently = to urgently press upon Him.

provoke Him to speak . Greek apostomatizo. Occurs only here. The Papyri show that from its original meaning (to dictate what was to be written) it had come to mean “to examine by questioning a pupil as to what he had been taught”. Here, therefore, they were not questioning for information, but for grounds of accusation.

of = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .

many = very many.

Verse 54

Laying wait for = watching. Only here and Acts 23:21 .

catch . Both are hunting expressions.

out of . Greek ek. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 11:24 .

that , &c. T [Tr. ] WH R omit.

Chapter 12

Verse 1

In . Greek. en. App-104 .

trode one upon another = trampled one another down.

unto. Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in Luke 12:11 .

first. The Structure (“K “) on p. 1471 shows that this must be connected with “disciples “and not with what follows.

Beware ye = Take heed to yourselves. Compare Matthew 16:6 , spoken on another occasion. of. Greek. apo. App-104 .

leaven. See note on Matthew 13:33 .

which . Denoting a class of things in the category of impiety.

hypocrisy . See note on “hypocrite” (Luke 11:44 ).

Verse 2

nothing. Greek. ouden. Compound of ou. App-105 .

covered = concealed. Greek sunkaluptomai. Only here in N.T.

not. Greek. ou. App-105 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 12:4 , Luke 12:6 -, Luke 4:7 , Luke 4:21 , Luke 4:26 , Luke 4:27 -; Luke 4:29 ; Luke 4:32 ; Luke 4:33 ; Luk 4:47; Luk 4:48; Luk 4:59 .

be = become.

revealed = uncovered. Greek. apokalupto. See App-106 .

known . Greek. ginosko. App-132 .

Verse 3

Therefore = Instead of (Greek. anti. App-104 . ) which.

have spoken = spake.

darkness = the darkness.

in = to. Greek pros. App-104 .

closets = the chambers. Occurs only here, Luke 12:24 , and Matthew 6:6 ; Matthew 24:26 .

proclaimed . App-121 .

upon . Greek. epi. App-104 .

housetops . Compare Matthew 24:17 .

Verse 4

I say unto you . Always introduces an important matter.

unto = to.

Be not afraid ( phobethete). ye shall fear (phobethete) (Luke 12:5 ). Note the Figure of speech Anadiplosis ( App-6 ), by which all the words between are emphasized, by being thus enclosed.

not. Greek. me. App-105 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 12:2 , Luke 12:6 , Luke 12:10 , Luke 2:15 , Luke 2:21 , Luke 2:26 , Luke 2:27 , Luke 2:39 , Luke 2:45 , Luke 2:46 , Luk 2:56 , Luk 2:57 , Luk 2:59 .

of = from [the hands of]. Greek. apo. App-104 . Compare Matthew 10:28 . Not the same word as in verses: Luke 12:6 , Luke 12:13 , Luke 12:25 , Luke 6:48 , Luk 6:57 . after. Greek. meta. App-104 . no. Greek. ou.

Verse 5

forewarn = shew, or warn; p. Luke 3:7 .

ye shall fear . See note on Luke 12:4 .

Fear . Note the second Anadiplosis. App-6 .

Him, which: i.e. God Who.

power = authority. See App-172 .

into . Greek. eis. App-104 .

hell = the Gehenna. See note on 2 Kings 23:10 . Matthew 5:3 , and App-131 .

Verse 6

not. See App-105 .

two farthings = two assaria. See note on Matthew 10:29 .

of = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 .

before = in the sight of. Greek. enopion, as in Luke 1:15 .

Verse 7

are = have been. See note on Matthew 10:30 . Acts 27:34 ; and compare 1 Samuel 14:45 . 1 Kings 1:52 .

more value = differ from: i.e. excel.

Verse 8

shall = may (with Greek. an).

Me = in (Greek. en. App-104 .) Me: i.e. in My Name.

before = in the presence of. Greek. emprosthen.

men. Plural of anthropos. App-123 .

him = in him.

shall = will.

the Son of man. See App-98 .

Verse 9

denieth = has disowned.

denied = utterly disowned.

Verse 10

word. Not “blaspheme”, as in next clause.

against. Greek. eis. App-101 .

the Holy Ghost. With Art. See App-101 . As in Luke 12:12 .

Verse 11

unto = before. Greek. epi. App-104 .

synagogues. See App-120 .

powers = authorities. App-172 .

take ye no thought = be not full of care, or anxious.

answer = reply in defence. See Acts 6:8 , Act 6:10 ; 2 Timothy 4:17 . 1 Peter 3:15 . Compare Daniel 3:16 .

Verse 12

ought to = should.

Verse 13

Master = Teacher. App-98 .

divide. Compare Deuteronomy 21:15-17 .

with. Greek. meta. App-104 .

Verse 14

made = appointed, or constituted. Compare Exodus 2:4 .

over. Greek. epi. App-104 . Not with the same case as in verses: Luke 12:42 , Luke 12:44 .

Verse 15

Take heed = See. Greek. horao. App-133 .

beware = keep yourselves from,

covetousness. All the texts read “all covetousness”.

man’s = to any one.

life. Greek zoe. See App-170 . Not so with bios ( App-171 .)

possesseth. Greek. huparcho. see Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:6 (being); Luke 3:20 (“is “).

Verse 16

ground = estate. Greek. chora.

brought forth plentifully. Greek euphoreo. Occurs only here.

Verse 17

thought = was reasoning.

within. Greek. en. App-104 .

no = not. Greek ou. App-105 .

bestow = gather together, or lay up.

Verse 18

barns = granaries.

fruits = produce. Not the same word as in Luke 12:17 . Tr. WI R read “the corn”.

goods = good things.

Verse 19

my soul. Idiom for “myself”. Greek. mou psuche . See App-13 ., App-110 , and note on Jeremiah 17:21 .

soul = psuche. See App-110 .

laid up = laid by.

for (Greek. eis. App-104 .) many years. Compare Proverbs 27:1 .

Verse 20

fool . See note on Luke 11:40 .

this night = this very night.

thy soul = thy life. App-110 .

shall be required = they demand. Only here and Luke 6:30 . Tr. A WI read “is required”. But both are impersonal, referring to some unknown invisible agencies which carry out God’s judgments or Satan’s will. Compare Psalms 49:15 .Job 4:19 ; Job 18:18 ; Job 19:26 ; Job 34:20 . In a good sense compare Isaiah 60:11 .

which, &c. In the Greek this clause is emph., standing before the question “then whose”, &c.

provided = prepared.

Verse 21

toward . Greek. eis. App-104 .

Verse 22

Therefore = On (Greek. dia. App-104 .Luke 12:3; Luke 12:3 ) this [account].

Take no thought , &c. This saying is repeated from Matthew 6:25 . See note there.

life. Greek. psuche. See App-110 . It is what can “eat”.

Verse 23

The. [L] T Tr. A WH R read “For the”, &c.

meat = food. Compare Matthew 6:25-34 .

Verse 24

Consider , &c. See note on Matthew 7:3 .

ravens. See Job 38:41 .Psalms 147:9 . Occurs only here in N.T.

neither sow = sow not (Greek. ou. App-105 ).

nor. Greek. oude.

neither have = have not, as above.

storehouse . Same as “closet “in Luke 12:3 .

barn = granary.

fowls = birds.

Verse 25

to . Greek. epi. App-104 .

stature = age, as in John 9:21 , John 9:23 .Hebrews 11:11 , referring to fullness of growth, hence rendered “stature” (Luke 19:3 .Ephesians 4:13; Ephesians 4:13 ). A “cubit” could not be “the least” of Luke 12:26 . It must therefore be putby Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6 , for length generally: either the least measure (an inch) to his height, or a moment to his age (or life). Greek. helikia. Occurs elsewhere in Luke 2:52 and Matthew 6:27 .

Verse 26

If ye, &c. Assuming the hypothesis as a fact. See App-118 .

not. Compound of ou. App-105 .

least. This determines the meaningof “cubit “in Luke 12:25 , or it would nullify the Lord’s argument.

for . Greek. peri. App-104 .

Verse 27

they grow . T Tr. A WI m. omit, and read “how they toil not”, &c.

toil not, they spin not = neither toil nor spin. T A WI m. read “neither spin nor weave”.

Solomon . . . was not = not even Solomon was. 1Ki 3:13 ; 1 Kings 10:1-29 . Song of Solomon 3:6-11 .

Verse 28

grass , &c. Compare Isaiah 40:6 . 1 Peter 1:24 .James 1:10 , James 1:11 .

cast: i.e. for fuel, “oven “being put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6 , for the furnace; as we say ” the kettle boils” or “light the fire”.

O ye of little faith . Greek. oligopistos. See all the five occurances in note on Matthew 6:30 .

Verse 29

neither = and not. Greek. me. App-104 .

of doubtful mind = excited. Occurs only here in N.T.

Verse 30

world. Greek. kosmos. App-129 .

knoweth. Greek oida. App-132 .

Verse 31

the kingdom of God . See App-114 .

Verse 32

little flock. Compare Psalms 23:1 .Isaiah 40:11 .Matthew 26:31 . Joh 10:12-16 .

it is your Father’s good pleasure = your Father took delight. The King was present: what could He not supply?

Verse 33

Sell. Compare Acts 2:44 , Acts 2:45 ; Acts 4:37 .

that ye have. Greek. huparcho: your possessions. See note on “is”, Philippians 1:3 , Philippians 1:20 .

bags = purses.

wax not old = never wear out.

the heavens. Plural. See notes on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 . that faileth not = unfailing.

moth. Compare James 5:2 .

corrupteth = destroyeth, as in Revelation 8:9 ; Revelation 11:18 .

Verse 34

heart be also = heart also be.

Verse 35

lights = lamps. See App-130 .

Verse 36

that wait for = waiting, or looking, for. Greek. prosdechomai, as in Luke 2:25 , Luke 2:38 ; Luke 23:51 .Mark 15:43 .Titus 2:13 .

lord . App-98 . A.

when = whensoever.

will. All the texts read “may”.

return. Greek. analuo. Occurs only here, and Philippians 1:1 , Philippians 1:23 , in N.T. In Septuagint only in the Apocryphal books, and always in the sense of returning back, as in ana-kampto (Hebrews 11:15 ). See Tobit 2.9. Judith 13.1.Ezra 3:3 . Book of Wisdom 2.1; 5.12; 16.14. Ecclus 3.15. 2 Macc. 8.25; 9.1; 12.7; 15.28. The noun analusis = a returning back of the body to dust, as in Genesis 3:19 , occurs only once, in 2 Timothy 4:6 .

from = out of. Greek ek. App-104 .

the wedding = the marriage feast.

Verse 37

Blessed = Happy.

servants = bondman.

watching. Greek. gregoreo, as in 1 Thessalonians 5:6 , 1 Thessalonians 5:10 (wake).

verily . See note on Matthew 5:18 .

Verse 38

if . Greek. ean. App-118 .

second . . . third watch. See App-51 . (12, 17).

so = thus.

Verse 39

goodman = master. App-98 .

broken = dug. Occurs only here; Matthew 6:19 , Matthew 6:20 ; Matthew 24:43 .

Verse 40

Be = Become.

Verse 41

Lord . Note, not “Jesus”. App-98 . A.

1. Greek. pros. Same as “unto” in preceding clause.

Verse 42

that faithful and wise steward = the faithful steward and prudent [man].

make ruler = set.

over. Greek. epi. App-104 . Not the same case as in verses: Luke 12:14 , Luke 12:44 .

portion of meat = measure of food. Greek. sitometrion. Occurs only here. Supposed to be a peculiar N.T. word, but it is found in the Papyri, and the kindred verb in Genesis 47:12 , Genesis 47:14 (Septuagint)

Verse 44

over . Greek. epi. App-104 . Not the same case as in verses: Luke 12:14 , Luke 12:42 .

Verse 45

delayeth. The emphasis is placed on this verb

by the Figure of speech Hyperbaton ( App-6 ), because it is this postponement of the reckoning which leads to his evil doing.

and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ) in Luke 12:45 and Luke 12:46 .

menservants . See App-108 .

maidens. Greek. paidiske. See Luke 22:56 .

Verse 46

at = in, as in preceding clause.

is not aware = knows not. App-132 .

cut him in sunder. Compare Daniel 2:5 .Hebrews 11:37 .

unbelievers = unfaithful.

Verse 47

And = But.

will. Greek. thelema. See App-102 .

according to. Greek. pros. App-104 .

Verse 48

given = committed.

of = from. Greek. para. App-104 .

Verse 49

I am come = Icame, &c.

send. Greek. ballo. In fourteen out of the eighteen occurrences in Luke, rendered “cast”. See verses: Luk 28:88 .

fire . See Joel 2:30 , &c. Had the nation received Him, all that the prophets had spoken would have been fulfilled. So would it have been had Peter’s proclamation been received (Acts 5:18-26 ). See note on Luke 12:51 .

on = into. Greek. eis. App-104 . But all the texts read epi ( App-104 . ix. 3). earth. Greek. ge. App-129 .

what will I . . . ? = what do I wish? Figure of speech Aposiopesis, App-6 (no answer being required or given).

if it be , &c. Another Aposiopesis ( App-6 ) repeated. The Lord was “straitened “(Luke 12:50 ). The nation had not yet finally rejected Him. App-118 .

Verse 50

I have a baptism , &c. Referring to the sufferings which had to be first accomplished. See Luke 24:26 . Acts 3:18 . App-115 . . i.

how am I straitened = how am I being pressed. Greek. sunechomai, as in Acts 18:5 and Philippians 1:1 , Philippians 1:23 . The prayer in Gethsemane shows how this

was. See Luke 22:41 , Luke 22:42 .Hebrews 5:7 .

accomplished. See Luke 9:31 . Joh 19:28 .

Verse 51

I am come = I became present, as in Acts 21:18 .

to give peace. This was the object of His coming (Isaiah 9:6 , Isaiah 9:7 ): but the e f fect of His presence would bring war. He came not to judge (John 12:47 ) as to this object, but the effect of His coming was judgment (John 9:39 ).

on = in. Greek. en. App-104 .

earth = the earth. App-129 .

Nay. Greek. ouchi. See App-105 .

division = disunion. Occurs only here.

Verse 52

from henceforth = from(Greek. apo. App-104 .) now: explaining the effect.

against. Greek. epi. App-104 . Referring to Micah 7:6 .

Verse 53

against . In the last four instances epi governs the ace.

Verse 54

also to the people = to the crowds also; not “in-consequent”. See the Structure “L”, p. 1471).

out of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 .

shower. Occurs only here.

it is = it happens.

Verse 56

hypocrites. See note on Luke 11:44 .

can = know [how to]. Greek. oida. App-132 .

face = appearance.

sky = the heaven. Singular. See notes on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

Verse 57

judge ye, &c. Found in an inscriptionat Amorgus, as pronouncing a just judgment, anticipating Luke 12:58 .

Verse 58

When thou goest = For, when thou art brought. Introducing the reason for this conclusion of the whole argument.

adversary. Shown in the last clause to be the tax-gatherer.

to = before. Greek. epi. App-104 .

the = a.

in the way. Emph. by Figure of speech Hyperbaton ( App-6 ).

give diligence = work hard, or take pains, or do your best. Not a Latinism, but found in the OxyrhyncusPapyri, second century B.C.

delivered = set free. Occurs only here, Acts 19:12 , and Hebrews 2:15 .

hale = haul. Anglo-Saxon holian. Occurs only here in N.T.

officer = tax-gatherer:i.e. the adversary of the first

clause. Greek. praktor = doer, or executive officer. Thus used in the Papyri. Occurs only here in N.T.; once in LXX, Isaiah 3:12 . He was the one who could cast a defaulter into prison.

Verse 59

not = by no means. Greek. ou me. App-105 .

hast paid = shalt have paid. This verse is repeated from Matthew 5:28 , with a different purpose, and therefore with different words,

mite . See App-51 .